Subsidence is a common issue that affects the structural integrity of properties. It occurs when the ground beneath a building’s foundation sinks or collapses, causing the structure to move unevenly.

The damage can range from minor cosmetic issues to severe structural damage, jeopardizing the safety and value of the property. As a property owner or prospective buyer, it’s crucial to recognize the telltale signs of subsidence damage to address the problem in its early stages and prevent further costly repairs.

In this article, we will explore the main causes of subsidence and the key signs to look out for.

There are several factors that contribute to subsidence, including:

1. Soil type: Some soils, like clay, are more prone to subsidence because they expand and contract due to moisture variations. Droughts can cause the soil to shrink and lead to structural movement.
   
2. Tree roots: Tree roots can remove moisture from the soil, causing it to shrink and destabilize the foundation of a property. This issue is especially prevalent in areas with clay soil.
   
3. Leaking drains: Water leakage can soften the ground beneath a property, causing the foundation to sink or become uneven.
   
4. Mining activity: Areas with historical mining activity may experience subsidence due to abandoned tunnels or ground compaction.

Telltale Signs of Subsidence

To detect subsidence in your property or a property you are considering buying, look out for the following signs:

1. Cracks in walls: One of the most visible signs of subsidence is the appearance of diagonal cracks in walls, particularly around doors and windows. These cracks are usually wider at the top and can extend both internally and externally. Hairline cracks are generally not a cause for concern but should be monitored for changes.
   
2. Sticking doors and windows: Subsidence can cause door and window frames to move out of alignment, leading to doors and windows that stick or are difficult to open and close.
   
3. Uneven floors: If you notice that floors are sloping or uneven, it may be a sign of subsidence. However, it’s important to distinguish this from normal settlement, which occurs in most properties over time.
   
4. Gaps between walls and skirting boards: Subsidence can cause gaps to form between walls and skirting boards or between brickwork and exterior window frames.
   
5. Wallpaper ripples: When the walls shift due to subsidence, wallpaper may ripple or wrinkle as a result.
   
6. Leaning walls: In more extreme cases, subsidence can cause walls to lean or bulge outwards, which can be a significant safety concern.
   

If you suspect that your property has subsidence issues, it’s essential to consult a qualified structural engineer or surveyor to assess the extent of the damage and recommend the appropriate course of action. Early detection and repair can save you from costly, extensive repairs in the future and ensure that your property remains safe and structurally sound.

Frequently Asked Questions about Subsidence Damage & The Telltale Signs

What is subsidence damage to properties?

Subsidence damage refers to the sinking of the foundation of a building, resulting in structural damage that can affect the stability and safety of the property.

What are the telltale signs of subsidence damage to look out for?

Common signs of subsidence damage include cracks in walls, particularly near windows and doors, uneven floors, doors and windows that are difficult to open or close, and leaning chimneys.

What causes subsidence damage to properties?

Subsidence damage can be caused by a variety of factors, including changes in the moisture content of the soil, tree roots, mining activities, and ground movement due to natural disasters.

How can I prevent subsidence damage to my property?

Preventative measures can include maintaining even moisture levels in the soil around the foundation, avoiding planting trees too close to the property, and ensuring proper drainage around the property.

How can I determine if my property is at risk for subsidence damage?

A geological survey or a professional assessment by a structural engineer can help determine the risk of subsidence damage to a property.

What should I do if I suspect subsidence damage to my property?

It’s important to seek professional advice from a structural engineer or other qualified expert if you suspect subsidence damage to your property. They can assess the extent of the damage and recommend a course of action.

Will my insurance cover subsidence damage to my property?

This will depend on the specific terms of your insurance policy. Many policies do cover subsidence damage, but it’s important to check with your insurer to ensure you have the necessary coverage.

How can I repair subsidence damage to my property?

Repairs will vary depending on the extent of the damage. They can range from simple cosmetic repairs to more extensive structural repairs, such as underpinning or piling. It’s important to work with qualified professionals to ensure that repairs are done safely and effectively.